[TOC]
1、TLS/SSL 协议的工作原理
1.1、设计目的
![image-20220817212031071](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212031071.png)
1.2、TLS/SSL 发展
![image-20220817212051206](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212051206.png)
1.3、TLS 协议
![image-20220817212109183](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212109183.png)
![image-20220817212308198](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212308198.png)
2、对称加密的工作原理
2.1、定义
![image-20220817212442343](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212442343.png)
2.2、AES 对称加密在网络中的应用
![image-20220817212505949](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212505949.png)
2.3、原理
![image-20220817212603946](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212603946.png)
2.4、填充
![image-20220817212651251](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817212651251.png)
3、对称加密的工作原理(2):工作模式
3.1、定义
![image-20220817213857230](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817213857230.png)
3.2、ECB(Electronic codebook)模式
![image-20220817213952227](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817213952227.png)
3.3、CBC(Cipher-block chaining)模式
![image-20220817214010222](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817214010222.png)
3.4、CTR(Counter)模式
![image-20220817214101437](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817214101437.png)
3.5、完整性校验
![image-20220817214203638](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817214203638.png)
3.6、验证完整性:MAC(Message AuthenticationCode)
![image-20220817214224192](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817214224192.png)
3.7、GCM
![image-20220817214310075](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817214310075.png)
4、AES算法
4.1、定义
![image-20220817214522765](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817214522765.png)
![image-20220817215134263](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215134263.png)
4.2、步骤
![image-20220817215216891](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215216891.png)
![image-20220817215247745](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215247745.png)
![image-20220817215324654](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215324654.png)
![image-20220817215332252](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215332252.png)
![image-20220817215445932](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215445932.png)
![image-20220817215454646](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215454646.png)
![image-20220817215503390](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215503390.png)
![image-20220817215511069](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215511069.png)
5、非对称密码与RSA 算法(解决密钥传递问题)
5.1、定义
![image-20220817215623302](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215623302.png)
5.2、算法过程
![image-20220817215644744](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215644744.png)
5.3、RAS算法
![image-20220817215806745](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215806745.png)
![image-20220817215821569](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215821569.png)
![image-20220817215830689](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817215830689.png)
6、非对称密码应用:PKI 证书体系
6.1、定义
![image-20220817221038193](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817221038193.png)
6.2、签发证书流程
![image-20220817221245923](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817221245923.png)
6.3、签名与验签流程
![image-20220817221323734](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817221323734.png)
6.4、证书信任链
![image-20220817221531118](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817221531118.png)
6.5、PKI 公钥基础设施
![image-20220817221557232](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817221557232.png)
6.6、证书类型
![image-20220817221736019](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817221736019.png)
7、非对称密码应用:DH密钥交换协议(沟通协商AES使用的密钥)
7.1、RSA密钥交换
![image-20220817222203075](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817222203075.png)
- 前向保密性:如果破解server私钥,可以解出公钥
7.2、DH 密钥交换
![image-20220817222402686](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817222402686.png)
7.3、存在的问题
![image-20220817222532964](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817222532964.png)
8、ECC 椭圆曲线的原理
8.1、定义
![image-20220817222743245](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817222743245.png)
8.2、特性
![image-20220817222756877](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817222756877.png)
![image-20220817223025507](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223025507.png)
9、DH 协议升级:基于椭圆曲线的ECDH协议
9.1、定义
![image-20220817223113940](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223113940.png)
9.2、步骤和原理
![image-20220817223136812](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223136812.png)
![image-20220817223142765](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223142765.png)
10、TLS1.2 与TLS1.3 中的ECDH协议
10.1、TLS1.2 通讯过程
![image-20220817223230693](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223230693.png)
10.2、FREAK 攻击
![image-20220817223328253](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223328253.png)
10.3、openssl 1.1.1 版本对TLS1.3 的支持情况
![image-20220817223457659](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223457659.png)
10.4、密钥交换
![image-20220817223551821](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223551821.png)
11、握手的优化
11.1、session 缓存
![image-20220817223718720](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223718720.png)
11.2、session ticket
![image-20220817223732948](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223732948.png)
11.3、TLS1.3 的 0RTT 握手
![image-20220817223748524](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223748524.png)
11.4、0-RTT 面临的重放攻击
![image-20220817223806114](/mei_you_ni_dong/doc/raw/2151a71dacb3920c9ea3543314be72c3156ced07/tcp/Web%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98/assets/image-20220817223806114.png)